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修复Java Craps游戏中的循环中断异常


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作者 2025年9月12日 8

修复Java Craps游戏中的循环中断异常

本文旨在帮助开发者解决在Java Craps游戏中遇到的循环中断问题。通过分析代码,我们将定位问题所在,并提供修改方案,确保游戏在玩家输入“n”或余额低于10美元时能够正常结束,避免抛出异常。同时,我们将优化代码中的格式化输出,使其更加简洁易懂。

解决循环中断问题

原始代码中,循环的中断逻辑存在一些潜在的问题,导致程序在特定情况下无法正常结束循环。主要问题集中在以下两个方面:

  1. 余额不足时的中断: 当玩家的余额低于10美元时,循环应该中断,但原始代码中可能存在逻辑错误,导致程序无法正确识别并执行中断操作。
  2. 玩家输入“n”时的中断: 当玩家输入“n”或“N”表示不想继续游戏时,循环也应该中断,但原始代码可能存在判断错误,导致程序无法正确识别并执行中断操作。

为了解决这些问题,我们需要仔细检查循环条件和中断逻辑,确保它们能够正确地处理各种情况。

修改方案

  1. 检查循环条件: 确保while循环的条件能够正确地判断游戏是否应该继续。原始代码中的循环条件是playAgain && total > 0。虽然这个条件看起来合理,但我们需要确保playAgain变量的值能够正确地反映玩家的意愿。
  2. 优化中断逻辑: 在循环体内部,我们需要添加明确的中断语句,以便在满足特定条件时能够立即结束循环。例如,当玩家的余额低于10美元时,我们可以使用break语句来中断循环。同样,当玩家输入“n”时,我们也可以使用break语句来中断循环。

以下是修改后的代码片段,其中包含了优化的中断逻辑:

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while (playAgain && total > 0) {     // 游戏逻辑      if (total <= 9) {         System.out.println("您的余额不足,游戏结束!");         break; // 余额不足,中断循环     }      System.out.println("继续游戏 (y/Y or n/N)? ");     in.nextLine(); // Consume the newline character     String again = in.nextLine();      if (again.equalsIgnoreCase("n")) {         playAgain = false;         break; // 玩家选择不继续游戏,中断循环     } else if (!again.equalsIgnoreCase("y")) {         System.out.println("无效的输入,请重新输入:");     } }

注意事项:

  • 确保在读取玩家输入之前,先使用in.nextLine()来消耗掉换行符。这是因为in.nextInt()方法只会读取整数,而不会读取换行符,这可能导致后续的in.nextLine()方法读取到的是一个空字符串
  • 使用equalsIgnoreCase()方法来比较字符串,这样可以忽略大小写,提高代码的健壮性。

优化格式化输出

原始代码中使用了System.out.printf()方法来进行格式化输出,但在某些情况下,这种方式可能会导致异常。为了避免这种情况,我们可以使用字符串连接的方式来进行格式化输出。

修复Java Craps游戏中的循环中断异常

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修改方案

将以下代码:

System.out.printf("Based on your play, the probability of winning is %.2%", winPercent);

修改为:

System.out.println("Based on your play, the probability of winning is " + winPercent + "%.");

这种方式更加简洁易懂,并且可以避免由于格式化字符串错误而导致的异常。

完整示例代码

以下是修改后的完整示例代码:

import java.util.Random; import java.util.Scanner;  public class GameOfCrapsTester {      static Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);     static Random rand = new Random();      public static void main(String[] args) {          System.out.println("Welcome to the game of Craps");         System.out.println(" ");         System.out.println("The house has given you a starting balance of $500");         System.out.println("On each round, you will make a whole number wager.");         System.out.println("The minimum wager is $10, and the maximum wager is your remaining balance.");         System.out.println(" ");         System.out.println("You may keep playing until you decide to cash in, or");         System.out.println("    you can't cover the minimum wager.");         System.out.println("good Luck!");          boolean win;         double wins = 0, numOfGames = 0;         int total = 500;          // Come out roll and set point value         int pointValue = 0;         boolean playAgain = true;         while (playAgain && total > 0) {             System.out.println(" ");             System.out.println("Your balance is $" + total);             System.out.println(" ");             System.out.println("Place your bet: $");              // Get and check wager placed             int bet = in.nextInt();             while (bet > total || bet < 10) {                 if (bet < 10) {                     System.out.println("Bet must be larger than $10.");                 }                 System.out.println("I'm sorry, that's not a valid wager; please re-enter: ");                 bet = in.nextInt();             }             int num = rollDice();             if ((num >= 4 && num <= 10 && num != 7) || num == 0) {                 pointValue = num;                 System.out.println(" ");                 System.out.println("Your point value is " + pointValue);                 System.out.println(" ");                 win = rollWithPoint(pointValue);                  if (win) {                     total = wonGame(bet, total);                     wins++;                     numOfGames++;                     System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + " Number of games: " + numOfGames);                 } else if (!win) {                     total = lostGame(bet, total);                     numOfGames++;                     System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + " Number of games: " + numOfGames);                 }             } else if (num == 7 || num == 11) {                 total = wonGame(bet, total);                 wins++;                 numOfGames++;                 System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + " Number of games: " + numOfGames);             } else {                 total = lostGame(bet, total);                 numOfGames++;                 System.out.println("Wins: " + wins + " Number of games: " + numOfGames);             }              if (total <= 9) {                 System.out.println("您的余额不足,游戏结束!");                 break; // 余额不足,中断循环             }              System.out.println("继续游戏 (y/Y or n/N)? ");             in.nextLine(); // Consume the newline character             String again = in.nextLine();              if (again.equalsIgnoreCase("n")) {                 playAgain = false;                 break; // 玩家选择不继续游戏,中断循环             } else if (!again.equalsIgnoreCase("y")) {                 System.out.println("无效的输入,请重新输入:");             }         }// end of loop          gameOver(wins, numOfGames);      } // END of main      public static int rollDice() {          int dice1, dice2, total;         dice1 = rand.nextInt(6) + 1;         dice2 = rand.nextInt(6) + 1;         total = dice1 + dice2;         System.out.print("Your roll: ");         System.out.print("Dice1: " + dice1);         System.out.print(", Dice2: " + dice2);         System.out.println("; Roll Value: " + total);         return total;      } // END of rollDice      public static boolean rollWithPoint(int point) {          int total = rollDice();         boolean winner = false;         while (total != 7 && winner == false) {             total = rollDice();             if (total == point) {                 winner = true;             } else {                 winner = false;             }         }         return winner;     } // END of rollWithPoint      public static int lostGame(int bet, int total) {          System.out.println("Oh, I'm sorry, you lost.");         System.out.println(" ");         total = total - bet;         System.out.println("Your current balance: $" + total);         System.out.println(" ");         return total;      } // END of lostGame      public static int wonGame(int bet, int total) {          System.out.println("A winner!");         System.out.println(" ");         total = total + bet;         System.out.println("Your current balance: $" + total);         System.out.println(" ");         return total;      } // END of wonGame      public static void gameOver(double win, double tot) {          double winPercent = (win / tot) * 100;         System.out.println(" ");         System.out.println("Based on your play, the probability of winning is " + winPercent + "%.");         System.out.println(" ");         System.out.println("Seems you lost your shirt; better luck next time.");         System.out.println("Have a nice day! Hope to see you soon!");      } // END of gameOver  } // END of GameOfCraps

总结

通过本文的讲解,我们解决了Java Craps游戏中遇到的循环中断问题,并优化了代码中的格式化输出。通过仔细检查循环条件和中断逻辑,我们可以确保游戏在各种情况下都能够正常结束。同时,通过使用字符串连接的方式来进行格式化输出,我们可以避免由于格式化字符串错误而导致的异常。希望本文能够帮助您更好地理解和掌握java编程



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